In a world where centenarians are becoming more common, scientists are increasingly interested in unraveling the secrets behind exceptional longevity. Centenarians, individuals who live to be 100 or older, offer unique insights into the aging process and can help us better understand how to live longer and age in better health. A recent study published in GeroScience has shed light on some common biomarkers found in individuals who live past 90, providing valuable information for researchers and individuals hoping to increase their chances of a long and healthy life.
Unlike previous studies that focused on small groups of centenarians, excluding those in care homes, this study sets itself apart as the largest study comparing biomarker profiles among exceptionally long-lived individuals and their shorter-lived counterparts. The study included data from 44,000 Swedes who underwent health assessments between the ages of 64 and 99, and were followed for up to 35 years. Of these participants, 1,224, or 2.7%, lived to be 100 years old, with the majority being female.
Biomarkers and Longevity
The study examined twelve blood-based biomarkers related to inflammation, metabolism, liver and kidney function, as well as potential malnutrition and anemia. These biomarkers have been previously associated with aging or mortality. Notably, centenarians tended to have lower levels of glucose, creatinine, and uric acid throughout their lives compared to their shorter-lived counterparts. However, the median values did not significantly differ between the two groups for most biomarkers.
When analyzing the likelihood of reaching 100 based on biomarker levels, the study found that most biomarkers showed a connection to longevity. Individuals in the lowest groups for levels of total cholesterol and iron had a lower chance of reaching 100 compared to those with higher levels. Conversely, higher levels of glucose, creatinine, uric acid, and markers for liver function were also associated with a decreased chance of becoming a centenarian. Although the differences in biomarker levels were relatively small, they suggest a potential link between metabolic health, nutrition, and exceptional longevity.
While the study does not directly point to specific lifestyle factors or genes responsible for the biomarker values, it is reasonable to assume that factors such as nutrition and alcohol intake play a role. Monitoring kidney and liver values, as well as glucose and uric acid levels, may be beneficial as individuals age. However, it is essential to acknowledge that chance also plays a role in reaching an exceptional age. The observed differences in biomarkers long before death suggest that both genetics and lifestyle choices may influence longevity.
As the pursuit of a long and healthy life continues, the study’s findings contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between genetics and lifestyle factors. Centenarians offer valuable insights into the aging process, and by identifying common biomarkers associated with longevity, researchers can begin to unravel the secrets behind exceptional longevity. While the study’s results provide promising information, further research is needed to fully understand the relationships between biomarkers, lifestyle choices, and genetics. In the meantime, individuals can take proactive steps to prioritize their health and well-being, adopting habits that promote metabolic health, proper nutrition, and regular monitoring of biomarkers. By taking a holistic approach to health, we may increase our chances of not only living longer but living longer with vitality.
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